For a Sonogram exam the technician uses a device called a transudcer this transducer emits pulse waves into the body. Inside the transducer there is a part called the "backing material" this backing material holds back the electricity that is coming in from the wire, then it is released and hits the crystals and causes a phenomenon called the piezoelectric effect which then emits a pulse into the body as a sound wave. Before entering the body it must pass through the matching layer which is placed infront of the crystals.The purpose of the matching layer is to try to maximize transmission of ultrasound from the crystals to the patient. Once the sound wave has reached a boundary it will return to the transducer and it will be converted back into electric energy then it will form an image.
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